HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT You Are Essay - 649 Words

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT You are required to answer Section A Question 1 and 3 Question selected form part B Section A: 1. Pucik (2007) identified three strategic approaches to International HRM, Identify and critique each of these approaches in relation to the India Calling case study discussed in class. Bring in examples from other organisation. Section B: 2. The models associated with best practice school of HRM assume a universalist approach which suggests a specific set of practices will lead to superior organisational performance. Critically evaluate the relevance of this approach in modern organisations with reference to relevant theory. 3. Line managers play a critical role in implementing HRM policies and procedures,†¦show more content†¦1. A mega-national strategy, which means that the whole company operates in a centralized fashion. Worldwide facilities are centralized in the parent company, products are standardized, and overseas operations are used as delivery pipelines to serve international markets. There is tight central control of strategic decisions, resources and information. As a result, the competitive strength of the mega-national firm is its global integration resulting in cost efficiencies. However, the firm’s ability to respond to variations in local conditions is limited and the international operation can become bureaucratic and inflexible. 2. A multi-domestic strategy, which emphasizes local differences by decentralizing operations to their subsidiaries and local business units in order to the close to customers, to create a heightened sense of local accountability and to encounrage more local innovation and entrepreneurship. But this can lead to an inability to compete on global term with fully integrated competitors, slowness in responding to change and failure to benefit from pooled resources, including knowledge and management expertise. Decentralized companies meeting these problems tend to veer towards centralization until bureaucracy, lack of responsiveness and the inability to retain good people locally leads the pendulum to swing again towardsShow MoreRelatedIssues Involved When You Try to Take a Strategic Approach to Human Resource Management and Development3752 Words   |  16 PagesThis essay is going to define strategic human resource management and development (SHRM/D) and briefly mention why this conce pt is important for organizations, I will then briefly mention other underlying concepts about strategic people management, and then go to the core of the essay and discuss the issues that are involved when we try to take a strategic approach to human resource management and development(HRM/D).Lastly I shall conclude by giving the extent to which my organization’s experienceRead MoreDiscussion Questions Hrm1655 Words   |  7 Pages Explain what HR management is and how it relates to the management process. 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We strongly do not recommend using any direct quotes from these essays for credit - you will most probably be caught for copying/pasting off the Internet, as it is very easy to trace where the essay has been taken from by a plagiarism detection program. You are welcome to use these samples for your research, but if you want to be sure that your essay is 100% original and one of a kind, we highly recommend to orderRead MoreThe Position Of Human Resources Specialist1469 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to U.S. News and World Report, â€Å"the position of Human Resources Specialist is the sixteenth best business job in America† (Best Business Jobs of 2016). Human Resource Specialists make an average salary of $58,350 per year and the field is projected to grow five percent, which is as fast as average, over the next ten years (Human Resource Specialists: Occupational Outlook Handbook: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). As the world continues to embrace globalization and technological advances

Definition Of Nursing And Professional Value Essay

Definition of Nursing Nursing is a profession where nurses obtain and maintain professional certification if available in the area of expertise (American Nurses Association (ANA) Nursing, 2010, P-132). They work as leader as matter of protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities. The nurse maintain compassionate and caring relationship with person and colleagous( ANA, Nursing, 2010). The purpose of this paper is to define the personal definition of nursing and professional value of this concept. This paper is also defined the term of nurse, patient, health and environment, and how these terms are important for nursing. This will also inform the reader of author that explores the personal and professional value of the nursing and how this values are related to the Regis Mission. Definition of Terms Health: An experiences that is often expressed in terms of wellness and illness, and may occur in the presence of absence of disease or injry. (Scope Standards Of Practice, 2010, P-145). Nursing expertise is an important in health in order to provide best quality of care to promote the healhy life. Health is an important in order to live healthy life style. Patient: According to the Medicine net â€Å"an individual who is receiving needed professional services that are directed by a licensed practitioner of the healing arts towards maintenances, improvement or protection of health or lessening of illness, disability or pain (Patient, Medicine Net). NursingShow MoreRelatedThe Foundation And Provision Of Nursing1316 Words   |  6 Pagesfoundation and provision of nursing care is guided by key values of nursing and definitions of nursing. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing [AACN] (2008) highlights five values that represent the core of nursing practice. These values include altruism, autonomy, human dignity, integrity, and social justice. 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Although nursing always has been about caring for others, at the present time, this field is more sophisticated and respected than in the past. Currently, there are standards of nursing practice and professional performance developed by the American Nurses Association (ANA) for American nurses to follow. However, there is some controversy about whether nursing is a profession or not. Also, in order to learn these standards as well as other

Stems Cells And Regenerative Dentistry Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

With root cell therapy scientists hope to bring around diseases and replace damaged tissues and variety meats in the human organic structure. Stem cell research for the possible application of cell based therapy in dental medicine has incited a considerable sum of exhilaration. At present dentitions can merely be replaced with conventional prosthetic device such as removable or fixed dental prosthetic device and implants. We will write a custom essay sample on Stems Cells And Regenerative Dentistry Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some initial success utilizing dental root cells in vitro every bit good as in vivo animate being theoretical accounts promises a sensible hereafter for the curative usage of root cells in regenerative dental medicine [ 1 ] . In my findings I have explored two types of human root cells in relation to regenerative dental medicine. They are human dental root cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ( iPSCs ) . The intent of my research was to find what root cells are and its place in regenerative dental medicine. Keywords: Regenerative dental medicine, tissue technology, root cells, dental root cells, induced pluripotent root cells. Stem cells There are soon three types of human root cells used in biomedical research, Human Embryonic Stem Cells ( hESCs ) , Adult ( Somatic ) Stem Cells and Induced Pluripotent Stem cells ( iPSCs ) . Stem cells are unspecialized cells found in the organic structure that give rise to specialized cells of a specific tissue type. They can split and self-renew for indefinite periods throughout the life-time of an being. They are capable of asymmetrical division into farther root cells and symmetrical division into committed primogenitor cells. They are classified harmonizing to their possible to distinguish which is totipotent, pluripotent and multipotent. In the early phases of human development, the fertilised egg known as the Zygote is considered to be totipotent ( Latin: totus significance full and potens intending power ) . It has the possible to give rise to an full being including the extra-embryonic tissue of the placenta and umbilical cord. During the blastodermic vessicle phase of embry ogenesis, the cells found in the inner cell mass are known as Embryonic Stem Cells ( ESC ‘s ) . ESC ‘s are capable of giving rise to all three sources beds in the human organic structure and are later responsible for coevals of all tissues and variety meats, excepting extra-embryonic tissues. ESC ‘s are considered pluripotent ( Latin: plurimus intending really many, potens intending power ) . Adult ( Somatic ) Stem Cells ( ASCs ) are theoretically present in every type of tissue, found in a root cell niche [ 1, 9 ] . In grownups, root cells serve as an internal fix system to refill and replace damaged cells in tissues and variety meats. Bodily Stem cells are somewhat more specialized than ESCs as they can largely distinguish into the cell types of the tissue in which they reside. ASCs are hence considered multipotent. Due to rapid new finds in Stem Cell Science, scientists have introduced a 3rd type of human root cells known as Induced Pluripotent Stem cells ( iPSC s ) . IPSCs are bodily cells that are genetically manipulated to presume an embryologic root cell like province. They express the pluripotency potency of embryologic root cells. This successfully circumvents ethical issues environing the usage of ESC ‘s, therefore progressing the pertinence of root cells in regenerative medical specialty [ 4, 5 ] . Figure 1 Diagram picturing ESCs, which through immunosurgery is derived from a 3-5 twenty-four hours preimplantation embryo known as a blastodermic vessicle Tissue technology and Dentistry Tissue technology is the interdisciplinary field of medical pattern that applies the rules of biomedical scientific discipline to reparative medical specialty. In regenerative dental medicine, two types of tissue technology have been described. The first is conventional tissue technology for regeneration of dental tissue utilizing mesenchymal cells in vitro. The 2nd is whole tooth regeneration utilizing mesenchymal cells and dental epithelial tissue in vivo [ 1 ] . The footing of whole dentition or single dental tissue regeneration is dependent on the acquisition of suited root cells and suited environmental conditions. Figure 2 Diagram picturing the construct of utilizing a tissue technology attack to make new mush tissue and let for completion of the perpendicular and sidelong root formation in a immature tooth that had mush mortification induced by injury [ 2 ] . Stem cells in clinical dental medicine In order to understand the pertinence of root cells in regenerative dental medicine, a clear apprehension of the procedures of embryogenesis and odontogenesis ( tooth development ) is indispensable. The cells involved in odontogenesis are of ectomesenchymal beginning. During embryogenesis, the nervous crest cells arising from the exoderm of the nervous tubing and mesenchymal cells arising from paraxial mesoblast interact to organize the enamel organ and dental papilla. The enamel organ is the lone organ of epithelial beginning involved in odontogenesis. All other constructions of a tooth are of mesenchymal beginning. During odontogenesis distinction occurs through cell communicating. This is done via signalling molecules and growing factors. A tooth has two anatomical parts ; the Crown covered with enamel exposed in the oral cavity and the root which is embedded in the jaw. Around the tooth the periodontic ligament attaches the cementum to the difficult sheet of the alveolar bone [ 1 , 2 ] . hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jopdentonline.org/na101/home/literatum/publisher/pinnacle/journals/content/odnt/2006/15592863-31.6/06-000/production/images/large/i1559-2863-31-6-633-f05.jpeg Figure 3 [ 2 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.jopdentonline.org/na101/home/literatum/publisher/pinnacle/journals/content/odnt/2006/15592863-31.6/06-000/production/images/medium/i1559-2863-31-6-633-f01.jpg Diagram picturing the molecular signaling XT between 2 cells Dental Stem cells The tissues of a tooth are enamel, dentin, cementum and mush. With the exclusion of the ameloblasts progenitor cells which give rise to enamel, all root cells involved in odontogenesis are of mesenchymal beginning. Dental root cells are bodily root cells. Information on human embryologic alveolar consonant root cells is non yet available [ 1 ] . Dental mush root cells ( DPSCs ) can be derived from dental mush. Dental mush can be obtained from 3rd grinders or pulpectomised dentitions. In odontogenesis dental follicle plays a major function in the development of cementum, periodontic ligament and alveolar bone. Dental follicle root cells ( DFSCs ) can be obtained from wedged 3rd grinders. Periodontic Ligament root cells ( PDLSCs ) can be derived from the roots of extracted dentitions. PDL which suspends the tooth in its air sac contains stem cells that can give rise to cementum and ligament. Stem cells from the apical portion of the papilla ( SCAPs ) are precursors of the dental mush. SCAPs are gettable from wedged 3rd grinders. Stem cells from human deciduous dentitions ( SHEDs ) can easy be obtained from the coronal mush of exfoliated deciduous dentitions. The easy handiness of mesenchymal dent al root cells makes them a suited campaigner for cell based therapies in dental medicine. Their high proliferative capacity and potency to distinguish into cementoblasts, odontoblasts, PDL primogenitors, bone-forming cells and assorted other cells implicated in odontogenesis, promises a prospective hereafter for dental root cells in clinical dental medicine. Soon the application of root cells in clinical dental medicine is hindered by many ‘roadblocks ‘ such as ill-timed eruption of dentitions, morphology of the generated tooth and most significantly the current impossibleness of renewing human dental enamel [ 1 ] . Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells ( iPSCs ) and orodental diseases Apart from ethical quandary that have long surrounded the derivation of human ESC ‘s from developing embryos, its immunoincompatability for usage in developing disease-specific iPSC lines in vitro from patients has besides impeded its application in regenerative medical specialty. Through coincident overexpression of certain cistrons, iPSC lines can be produced in vitro utilizing assorted human cells. After derivation, iPSCs undergo word picture techniques and teratoma checks. Successful iPSC lines can be equated to hESC ‘s in proliferative and developmental possible [ 4, 5, 10, 11 ] . The recent promotions in IPS engineering have brought its application to the head of biomedical research. Previously iPSC ‘s were genetically manipulated through the usage of viruses and episomal vectors for genomic integrating. This methodological analysis proved inefficient. Since so new methods have been introduced to deduce iPSC ‘s free of vector and transgene DNA. With the usage of man-made messenger RNA to bring on pluripotency and distinction, scientists are able to accomplish cellular reprogramming by pull stringsing the whole genome system instead than a little set of maestro cistrons. When biochemically coaxed, iPSC lines are able to distinguish into cell types of assorted diseases. The ability to animate disease specific root cells from givers, whose genome is present, makes disease patterning more dependable. This allows for a better apprehension of the pathogeneses of diseases and its variableness amongst patients. The ability to carry on drug proving on huma n disease-models will besides progress the efficaciousness of toxicity trials and farther drug development. Some disease-specific iPSC lines have already provided a deeper apprehension of disease complexness and mechanisms. The possibility of utilizing iPSCs to handle orodental diseases could be a powerful curative tool in clinical dental medicine [ 4, 5 ] . Decision The usage of root cells in regenerative dental medicine is still in its pre-clinical stage as at that place many hurdlings yet to get the better of. The current impossibleness of renewing ameloblasts primogenitor cells to bring forth enamel is amongst the many obstructions impeding whole tooth regeneration. However, the possibility of animating autologous dental primogenitor cells and tissues in vitro holds a promising hereafter for alveolar consonant cell based therapies. The usage of IPS engineering in dental medicine is a new construct, although its application in making disease specific lines and perchance reprogramming familial orodental diseases will surely profit the hereafter of clinical dental medicine. The successful usage of root cell scientific discipline in regenerative dental medicine will surely guarantee that the twenty-first century tooth doctor plays a critical function in the field of regenerative medical specialty [ 4 ] . Methods of research The literature used to carry on this research was obtained from Medical Journal Publishing websites. This included PubMed and the National Institutes of Health. Additional beginnings included correspondence from the Director of the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology ( ICGEB ) , every bit good as a Postgraduate pupil in Developmental Biology. For instruction and a deeper apprehension of Cell biological science, DNA, chromosomes and viruses to understand root cell scientific discipline the Khan Academy was used. How to cite Stems Cells And Regenerative Dentistry Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Transport Market Transportation Research

Question: Discuss about the Transport Market for Transportation Research. Answer: Introduction The report depicts the role of Information technology in an organization Australian airlines one of the well known companies of airlines industry. The technological advances are relying on IT to develop the business (Belobaba, Odoni Barnhart, 2015). It helps to improve the consumers services and keeps the lid of the cost. The report illustrates the need of IT in Australian airlines including the importance of IT for the business survival. Apart from this, the report elaborates the usage of information technology in the Australian airlines. It has been found that technology is a gift but at the same time technology are also a curse to Australian airlines and other industries. After adopting IT, Australian airlines faced continuous acceleration in business growth however; many disadvantages are also associated to it. The risks related to IT are also defined in this report. Moreover, in order to develop the overall airlines business, proper control and monitoring system is needed to be introduced. Need of IT in Australian airlines The current analysis of Australian airlines implies that, in order to mitigate the industrial crisis, airlines industry is forced to adopt information technology with their existing business aspects. In the business world, airlines industry is referred to as the biggest winner of the internet or electronic commerce service (Ashwini Nand, Singh Power, (2013). In the year of 2015 the airlines industry has spend over $180 million to develop the technical strategies (Arjomandi Seufert, 2014). For the maintenance of control cost and to maximize the revenue structure the, airline industry is accelerating towards IT project planning in terms of electronic marketing, web site development and initiatives in the consumer services (Borenstein Rose, 2014). Nine most well known organization of United States has reported about $2.38 million collective business loss. The cost of airlines generally includes two segments direct operational cost and indirect operational cost. The direct operational cost include aircraft, fuel and the monthly remuneration of the employees working for the airlines industry whereas, the indirect operational cost include the entire distribution cost (Fuellhart o'connor, Kevin, 2013). The industry charges about 60% of the total cost for the direct operation and 40% for the indirect operational cost. Cur off in direct operational cost is not possible as the direct cost is referred to as almost fix (Higham et al., 2016). Thus, most of the airlines organizations are focused on reducing the indirect cost of the industry. Implementation of IT in the airline industry is needed for the below mentioned reasons: It reduces the reservation system cost The sales office cost also get reduces by implementing IT in the airlines industry. The advertisement and sales cost also get reduces. After introduction of online ticket booking the amount of tax also get reduced. Importance of IT for Australian airlines business survival For the survival of Australian airlines, implementation of Information technology is strictly required. It helps to improve the additional revenue structure. After adaptation of IT in the existing business platform the company gained different technical advantages (Lee Worthington, 2014). From business perspectives it helps to provide different opportunities and advantages to the business. Innovation of new technical advances: In order to survive in the technical world, the Australian airlines should start cutting the indirect cost to improve the revenue very quickly (Berghfer Lucey, 2014). In the area of crewing and pricing, IT helps to minimize the cost budget for business operations. Software advances: The arrival concept referred to as software, helps for the survival of the industry (Chakrabarty Kutlu, 2014). It does a lot for the agility of the airlines industry and also helps them to move to the opposite direction from costly legacy system. Analysis of the requirements that can be applied in IT business Cost: In order to manage different information regarding airlines industry, proper management of data is strictly and for that implementation of software and hardware is also needed. Before real life execution, cost estimation and feasibility study is needed to be done. Therefore, exact investment is one of the major IT requirements. Planning: Before execution of manual database system for data management, proper planning is required to be done for IT business survival. Designing: An exact SDLC (Software Life Cycle) methodology is required to be followed by the designer, to implement the planning and modeling. Equipment: Different equipments are needed to be installed by the airlines industry, to develop the designing approach made by the developers even, regular update program is also needed to be arranged. Installation: To keep the data confidentiality exact antivirus software is required to be installed so that none of the external attackers could hack the data from the storage. Training: Regular training and development program for the employees of the airlines industry is needed to be arranged to keep them connected withal the innovative technologies. Even if the employees are not familiar with the technologies then also they will become known to the technologies. Usage of IT in airlines business Factors uses in Australian airlines Impact Internal factors Staff Employees 1. The employees who hold the legal status in the Australian airlines industry are very efficient and in order to keep the management process secured, staffs play vital role. 2. The employees of Australian airlines works collaboratively on every project. Even the staffs are very helpful and due to shifting hours they are capable to serve proper services to the organization (Belobaba, Odoni Barnhart, 2015). Reward function in terms of incentives is also allotted for the employees. External factors Customer Suppliers 1. The industry is capable to hold a bunch of consumers throughout the world and it also has a manual data base management system where the details of the consumers can be safely kept. 2. For Australian airlines, Airlines suppliers play a vital role. In order to meet the requirements of the consumers like security appliances such as life jackets, oxygen mask other like magazines, drinking water, foods are supplied by the suppliers of Australian airlines (Borenstein Rose, 2014). Benefits and advantages of IT in airlines business Revenue: After implementing IT in the business process, the company becomes capable to achieve benefit from the competitive marketplace. After implementing manual database system the information handling approach has become much efficient than traditional process. Online ticket booking and consumers care forum helps to engage more number of consumers throughout the world without error. This approach leads to gain rapid growth in terms of commercial revenue. Flexibility: After implementing IT in the business model of Australian airlines, the management system has become reliable and flexible. Data regarding the consumers and even about the industry itself, can be easily accessed by the authenticated users only. Reduced cost: Due to online transaction, the process become capable to reduce the cost allotted for governmental tax. As the IT system does not have any sort of intermediately processes, thus during the processing period, the estimated cost is also not get affected. Assessment of risks associated to IT in airlines business During assessment of business process of Australian airlines, certain risks associated to the system are needed to be considered. Proper analysis will help to understand the cost benefit analysis of the business process (Higham et al., 2016). Regarding data security the factors that are needed to be analyzed are as follows: Security: Proper encryption key is not applied in the Australian airlines industry thus the stored in the database system are not secured enough from the business perspectives (Young et al., 2015). This is referred to as one of the major drawback or risks of the business system. Privacy: Different organizations have their norms, policies and practices to run their business process. However, the airlines organization does not have proper privacy statements. Confidentiality: In order to keep the data secured from external attacks, confidentiality is required to be adapted in the business process. The company is lagging to serve confidentiality in their stored information (Borenstein Rose, 2014). Due to lack of confidentiality management the external users can hack data by using public key. This is referred to as another vital risk associated to the business process. Monitor of IT in airlines business In order to handle the overall management system the top managerial team of Australian airlines is needed to control and monitor the entire business process. Proper network management, database management system is needed to keep (Fuellhart o'connor, Kevin, 2013). Particularly, for this airlines company regular update of software, technologies and hardware are needed to be maintained so that, it can avoid the risk involved to the business process. Conclusion From the overall discussion it can be concluded that Australian airlines, a real life example is affected by IT in different ways. The business process has been completely changed before and after the implementing IT in their organization. The report has mentioned, need, and importance of IT in business. After installing IT in the business how it is affecting the consumers and staffs are also illustrated in this report. Apart from this, during the analysis session it has been found that many risks are also associated to the business process after installing IT, which are needed to be mitigated. Australian airlines is positively as well as negatively affected by IT, all the aspects are clearly demonstrated in this report. References Adler, N., Fu, X., Oum, T. H., Yu, C. (2014). Air transport liberalization and airport slot allocation: The case of the Northeast Asian transport market.Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice,62, 3-19. Arjomandi, A., Seufert, J. H. (2014). An evaluation of the world's major airlines' technical and environmental performance.Economic Modelling,41, 133-144. Ashwini Nand, A., Singh, P. J., Power, D. (2013). Testing an integrated model of operations capabilities: an empirical study of Australian airlines.International Journal of Operations Production Management,33(7), 887-911. Belobaba, P., Odoni, A., Barnhart, C. (2015).The global airline industry. John Wiley Sons. Berghfer, B., Lucey, B. (2014). Fuel hedging, operational hedging and risk exposureEvidence from the global airline industry.International Review of Financial Analysis,34, 124-139. Borenstein, S., Rose, N. L. (2014). How airline markets work or do they? Regulatory reform in the airline industry. InEconomic Regulation and Its Reform: What Have We Learned?(pp. 63-135). University of Chicago Press. Bush, H., Starkie, D. (2014). Competitive drivers towards improved airport/airline relationships.Journal of Air Transport Management,41, 45-49. Chakrabarty, D., Kutlu, L. (2014). Competition and price dispersion in the airline markets.Applied Economics,46(28), 3421-3436. Fuellhart, K., O'CONNOR, K. E. V. I. N. (2013). Air services at Australian cities: change and inertia 20052010.Geographical Research,51(1), 37-48. Higham, J., Cohen, S. A., Cavaliere, C. T., Reis, A., Finkler, W. (2016). Climate change, tourist air travel and radical emissions reduction.Journal of Cleaner Production,111, 336-347. Lee, B. L., Worthington, A. C. (2014). Technical efficiency of mainstream airlines and low-cost carriers: New evidence using bootstrap data envelopment analysis truncated regression.Journal of Air Transport Management,38, 15-20. Young, J. P., Win, A. K., Rosty, C., Flight, I., Roder, D., Young, G. P., ... Hauben, E. (2015). Rising incidence of early?onset colorectal cancer in Australia over two decades: Report and review.Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology,30(1), 6-13.